The main way that is passed through the nose pharynx pig pig and direct transmission way. In the interim, acute infection of nasal secretion fever exists within a virus, to provide abundant animal susceptibility to infection. In the experiment condition, the virus to the nostrils or inhaled droplets of small particles, pigs are very easy aerosol infected. Contact transmission, easy in pigs, airborne may cause large explosive popularity, especially in immunity weaker pigs, such as in the 1970s ~ in France and Belgium in the 1980s. France in 1981, December outbreaks in September 1982 to have 4 million pigs were infected.
Once flu appeared in the breeding herd pig breeding herd or not entirely cleared out the conditions, the virus will likely continuous cycle existence. In this case, the young piglet in maternal antibody is infected after dies. However, most example is a flu virus outbreak in after from pigs. According to the virus in the popular process of specific areas, for a period of time (such as a few months to years), in the breeding herd or negative serology and outbreaks of fattening. Influenza prevalence and distribution and popular subtypes, in different areas of the world, in the same row of different national or regional differences exist in a state. In recent years popular a kind of speculation that exist in SI popular break asymptomatic poisoned provide sivs survival. On the other hand SI perennial phenomenon of in the world, the sivs may be smoothly cycle. Therefore there is no definite material can support or is the presence of pigs in the long-term real poisoned.
In popular areas, many farms to avoid the repeated exposure sivs is unlikely, so most of the pig diets are produced by the immune sows, obtained by beginning dump maternal antibody. Colostrum antibody provides protection can avoid disease, but cannot avoid infection. The virus circulating in the continuous pigs, although young pigs are maternal antibody, but still be infected. In a whole into full of commercial pig group was obsered in typical infection mode. Usually at 9 ~ 12 weeks into the sutai pigs, from many of the arena, after some infected opportunity is very high. As for commercial fatten pigs, found in the arena serological survey after weeks of 17/17 H1N1 virus infection by, 9/17 group was H3N2 virus infection. Some H3N2 negative in fattening period is infected. From this and other studies that serological H1N1 and H3N2 flu virus, pig respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) and pig breeding respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) of intercurrent infection in Europe intensive production system is common.
Public health
The 1980 from a pig exhibition of young people to work, 1984 H1N1 strains isolated from the pig virus strains, the pig is H1N1 in a child's deadly infections disease later. Lots of epidemiological survey shows that the virus can from animals. A 32-year-old woman, visited the exhibition after livestock deaths, primary viral pneumonia in her separation to the strains of the virus, H1N1 pig exhibition has a existence. A 27-year-old breeder died in acute respiratory distress syndrome, on his separation to H1N1 virus. Recent reports (1997), the staff of the two experimental infection, because of the disease and infection H1N1 pigs. In the Netherlands, from children to two strains separated from pig viruses, may H3N2.
Sivs cause and pig contact person deadly respiratory diseases, this is influenza virus has the potential of human infection, clear signal after new big pig will pass to epidemic strain. Because people with pig in occupational and contingency between the situation of several day, whether the virus interactions, SI zoonosis-borne with potentially dangerous must know clearly and attention.
Symptoms,
The classic SI is a group. Now see signs of illness and the description of the basic age 20. During the incubation period of 1 ~ 3 days after the onset is sudden, pigs, while most of performance, anorexia, lie huddle closer, huddled together. Some pigs, difficulty breathing, mouth muscle spasm, abdominal breathing.
In response to the swine flu outbreak that has left dozens dead in Mexico and spread to other countries, officials here launched a campaign to inform the public on virus symptoms, prevention and treatment.
The following information was provided by the Mexican Ministry of Health.
SYMPTOMS: Sudden fever above 38 degrees (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit), cough, headache, aching joints, nasal congestion and general fatigue.
DIAGNOSIS: Clinical examination of secretions from the nose and mouth in the first 24-72 hours after presenting symptoms, and a study of blood samples to detect existence of influenza virus.
TREATMENT: In confirmed cases, Mexican authorities have provided patients with flu drugs Seltamivir or Zanamivir under strict medical supervision, and warn against side effects in misuse.
The Mexican government said that the antiviral drugs would only be administered if infection is confirmed.
Authorities have reportedly some million doses on hand, although local media warn that pharmacies have run out of treatments.
PREVENTATIVE MEASURES: Wear a mask. Do not greet someone with a kiss or handshake; do not share food, cutlery or glasses. Ventilate homes and offices, keep clean common items such as telephones.
International officials are on alert and the CDC is diligently updating the general public, clinicians and media outlets of a rapidly emerging Swine flu outbreak.
Multiple new cases of a new strain of Swine flu (Swine Influenza A, H1N1) have been reported in Mexico and in the United States. Multiple deaths have been reported to the World Health Organization, currently assessing the accuracy of these reports.
Historically, the CDC receives approximately one report of Swine flu case per 1 - 2 years in the United States but over the past four years, these numbers have tripled. Reports are updated daily at on the numbers the CDC is receiving including both national and international cases.
International officials are on alert and airports have begun to screen arriving passengers. Officials are surveying arriving passengers for any viral signs and symptoms. One airport in Chiba, Japan (Narita) is screening passengers arriving from Mexico utilizing thermographic imaging for increases in body temperature.
Transmission of Swine Flu (How is Swine Flu spread?)
As with other flu like illnesses, Swine flu is spread as follows:
Coughing
* Sneezing
* Kissing
* Touching infected objects
* Touching nose, mouth and/or eyes with infected hands
Swine Flu Symptoms
Symptoms of Swine flu may including all or some of the following:
Fever
* Muscle aches
* Lethargy
* Coughing
* Headache
* Sore throat
* Runny nose
* Nausea
* Vomiting
* Diarrhea
* Lack of appetite
Complications Of Swine Flu And Higher Risk Individuals
Those at higher risk include those with the following:
* Age of 65 years or older
* Chronic health problems (such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease)
* Pregnant women
* Young children
Complications (for all patients but especially for those at higher risk) can include:
* Pneumonia
* Bronchitis
* Sinus infections
* Ear infections
* Death
Diagnosis And Treatment Of Swine Flu
1. A respiratory sample collected within the first five days of illness will be collected. The sample is sent to the CDC for laboratory analysis and confirmation.At this time the CDC is recommending the use of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza) for treatment and/or prevention of Swine flu.
Prevention of Swine Flu
Covering nose and mouth with a tissue upon coughing and sneezing followed by proper disposal of the tissue.
* Avoiding contact with ill persons.
* Avoiding the urge to touch nose, mouth and eyes in general.
* Staying home form work and/or school upon onset and for the duration of symptoms.
* Assuring adequate and thorough handwashing and use of alcohol based hand cleansers (in the absence of proper handwashing facilities).
* Providing tissues in common areas of homes, common and public areas.
* Encouraging pursuit of medical evaluation at earliest onset of symptoms.
* Use of masks to those who are exhibiting symptoms or who are ill.
* Maintenance of a 3 to 6 foot perimeter around a coughing patient.
Calm analysis coupled with accurate and proper public education is the key to identifying, treating and minimizing a worldwide outbreak.
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